Water Jet Cutting & Laser Cutting in Florida
Technologically advanced tools for cutting of pipes are ideal for sizing and shape pipes for various needs and wants and find extensive use in house and outdoor applications like the drainage and sewage systems. Machines and tools used for such purpose are efficient and useful in saving your valuable time and money. What more, choosing right machine for right applications greatly reduces risk, and helps to avoid accidents both indoor and outdoor.
Tracing back to the history we find that the oldest style or technique used in cutting of pipes was hand grinding. This method is not only difficult to execute and but also time consuming.
Pipe cutting machine and tools used today are much safer, easier and cost effective for use than ever before. Now-a-days, these devices are constructed with the help modern technologies and tools with unmatched quality and excellence.
Safety standards have risen up along with the utility or usage in all aspects.
The pipe cutting machines find their broad applications in the areas like ---
Refrigerator repairingBoiler repairing,Tube workshopsMotor garagesNatural gas and Oil refineriesChemical plantsthe production of paper and pulp industry,Power APKT Insert reactors and plants
Pneumatic tool is a kind of much used pipe cutting tools that works best for low tensile application and for heavier project one must rely on to hydraulic pipe tools for a better performance. Prior assessment about a tool's strengths and weaknesses along with the supposed execution will lend you a better insight about the real field scenario and probability of success.
While clamping, chain clamp mounts are necessary for cutting pipes with narrow diameters. OD clamping split frame and clamping end prep are other popular tools for this plumbing exercise.
Tube expanders are used in case of sturdy applications. Tube expander will allow repeatability which is needed in some cases. Dream tools are condenser cleaners and boiler cleaners for tough closed tubes.
Some common tools for DCMT Insert cutting of pipes that are popular are---
Level: helps in adjustment in the slope of drain and waste pipes.
Hole Saw: to cut across holes through wood metal etc. Pipe Cutter: To cut and re-size copper water pipes.Soldering Torch: To make joints between copper fittings and pipes.Wrenches: to tighten and loosen fittings. Different types of wrenches are used according to different kinds of applications.
Screwdrivers: used for tightening and loosening a variety of screws and bolts.
Tubing Cutter: to make sharp and neat cuts in copper tubing.
Jigsaws: to make cuts in older pipes to install new sections.
Sealants: Plumber's tape is used on the threads of plumbing pipes and other types of plumbing connections. Other popular sealants are silicone caulking and putty compounds.
Depending upon the job requirement and need, pipe cutting machine or tools are used. These devices are part of a collaborative production team and hence each and every component is necessary for high performance and relative use in different industries.
The Cemented Carbide Blog: Tungsten Carbide Inserts
Technologically advanced tools for cutting of pipes are ideal for sizing and shape pipes for various needs and wants and find extensive use in house and outdoor applications like the drainage and sewage systems. Machines and tools used for such purpose are efficient and useful in saving your valuable time and money. What more, choosing right machine for right applications greatly reduces risk, and helps to avoid accidents both indoor and outdoor.
Tracing back to the history we find that the oldest style or technique used in cutting of pipes was hand grinding. This method is not only difficult to execute and but also time consuming.
Pipe cutting machine and tools used today are much safer, easier and cost effective for use than ever before. Now-a-days, these devices are constructed with the help modern technologies and tools with unmatched quality and excellence.
Safety standards have risen up along with the utility or usage in all aspects.
The pipe cutting machines find their broad applications in the areas like ---
Refrigerator repairingBoiler repairing,Tube workshopsMotor garagesNatural gas and Oil refineriesChemical plantsthe production of paper and pulp industry,Power APKT Insert reactors and plants
Pneumatic tool is a kind of much used pipe cutting tools that works best for low tensile application and for heavier project one must rely on to hydraulic pipe tools for a better performance. Prior assessment about a tool's strengths and weaknesses along with the supposed execution will lend you a better insight about the real field scenario and probability of success.
While clamping, chain clamp mounts are necessary for cutting pipes with narrow diameters. OD clamping split frame and clamping end prep are other popular tools for this plumbing exercise.
Tube expanders are used in case of sturdy applications. Tube expander will allow repeatability which is needed in some cases. Dream tools are condenser cleaners and boiler cleaners for tough closed tubes.
Some common tools for DCMT Insert cutting of pipes that are popular are---
Level: helps in adjustment in the slope of drain and waste pipes.
Hole Saw: to cut across holes through wood metal etc. Pipe Cutter: To cut and re-size copper water pipes.Soldering Torch: To make joints between copper fittings and pipes.Wrenches: to tighten and loosen fittings. Different types of wrenches are used according to different kinds of applications.
Screwdrivers: used for tightening and loosening a variety of screws and bolts.
Tubing Cutter: to make sharp and neat cuts in copper tubing.
Jigsaws: to make cuts in older pipes to install new sections.
Sealants: Plumber's tape is used on the threads of plumbing pipes and other types of plumbing connections. Other popular sealants are silicone caulking and putty compounds.
Depending upon the job requirement and need, pipe cutting machine or tools are used. These devices are part of a collaborative production team and hence each and every component is necessary for high performance and relative use in different industries.
The Cemented Carbide Blog: Tungsten Carbide Inserts
4 Types of Lubricants And How to Use Them
A Fluid Bed Dryer is designed for drying powders, crystals, and medium-sized pellets quickly and uniformly. There are several uses for the Fluid Bed Dryer in the pharmaceutical and bulk drug industries as well as in dyes and chemicals and Phyto-Chemicals.
In the pharmaceutical industry, a Rapid Dryer (also known as a fluid bed dryer) is used extensively to decrease the moisture content of medicinal powder and granules. Wet granules must be dried before compression into a tablet may take place, as well as to adjust the viscosity and stickiness of the substance. As the last step before compression into tablet form and packing, drying is usual.
Perforated beds of wet solid particles are punctured by high-pressure hot air in the fluidization process. An airstream is used to raise and suspend the dripping sediments from the tank's bottom (fluidized state). Direct contact between the moist substance and the hot gases results in heat transfer. The drying gases pick up the evaporated liquid and carry it away. Exit gas may be partly recycled in order to conserve energy.
Drying wet grains, crystals, or coarse materials is made easier using the Fluid Bed Dryer. Passing high-speed hot air through a bed of material to be dried causes it to become fluidized and so dries more quickly.
The induced draught and fresh air are created by a blower on the dryer's exhaust side that uses no negative pressure concept. From the bottom of the product container, a stream of heated, filtered air is emitted. The air distribution plate and the Dutch sieve are included with this container. The turbulence in the product container is created by passing the air stream through the bed of the substance. As a result of fluidization, heated air surrounds each particle, causing rapid and even heating and drying. Particles can't escape the machine because of the top-mounted filter bags.
There is a good chance the ordinary person has never heard of them. Fluid bed dryers, on the other hand, have made a name for themselves as versatile and trustworthy processing equipment in the bulk processing industry.
The Carbide Insert for Cast Iron Pharmaceutics Industry's reliance on Dryers
Despite the fact that fluidized bed drying may be utilized in a wide range of sectors, pharmaceuticals have perhaps benefited the most from its usage. It is possible to consistently reduce the moisture content of pharmaceutical granules and powders by utilizing a fluid-bed drier. With the introduction of fluid bed drying technology, drying periods have been reduced significantly and equal drying conditions have resulted in a consistent finished product.
Fluid bed dryers are ideal for drying a wide range of items, but pharmaceutical products in particular. The system controls incoming air temperature to ensure that moisture evaporates off the granule's surface at the right pace. A high input air temperature might lead to a surface crust that inhibits deeper tungsten carbide inserts moisture from being transferred to the surface, slowing rather than speeding the drying process.
Principle of a Rapid Dryer:
A perforated bottom of a vessel holding a bed of particle solids or wet granules allows high-pressure hot air (gas) or ambient air to flow upward upwards better known as a fluid bed drier. The granules/particles stay suspended in a stream of hot air because the velocity of hot air is greater than the settling rate of the granules/particles. A fluidized state describes this state of affairs. Every granule/particle is thoroughly dried by the heated air that surrounds it.
Structure:
Vertical and horizontal stainless steel or plastic FBD fluid bed dryer machines are available. Batch drying is done in a vertical unit, whereas continuous drying is done in a flat unit. The material is loaded and unloaded into a removable vessel at the dryer's bottom. The perforated mesh allows hot, high-pressure air to travel through the vessel. The dry material is collected by placing bag filters on top of the tank.
Process:
At the bottom of the dryer, a removable container holds the material to be dried. The hot air is brought up through the prefilter and into the chamber through the heaters. The simultaneous operation of a fan is also permitted. An increase in air velocity causes particles to move in a turbulent manner known as fluidization.
All the while, the air stream is filled with very tiny granules and particles. When the frictional drag on the granules/particles is equivalent to the force of gravity, a condition of pressure is attained. Due to the high velocity of air, the particles are able to climb to the top of the air stream; this is known as fluidization.
Rapid dryer benefits include:
The Cemented Carbide Blog: CNC Carbide Inserts
A Fluid Bed Dryer is designed for drying powders, crystals, and medium-sized pellets quickly and uniformly. There are several uses for the Fluid Bed Dryer in the pharmaceutical and bulk drug industries as well as in dyes and chemicals and Phyto-Chemicals.
In the pharmaceutical industry, a Rapid Dryer (also known as a fluid bed dryer) is used extensively to decrease the moisture content of medicinal powder and granules. Wet granules must be dried before compression into a tablet may take place, as well as to adjust the viscosity and stickiness of the substance. As the last step before compression into tablet form and packing, drying is usual.
Perforated beds of wet solid particles are punctured by high-pressure hot air in the fluidization process. An airstream is used to raise and suspend the dripping sediments from the tank's bottom (fluidized state). Direct contact between the moist substance and the hot gases results in heat transfer. The drying gases pick up the evaporated liquid and carry it away. Exit gas may be partly recycled in order to conserve energy.
Drying wet grains, crystals, or coarse materials is made easier using the Fluid Bed Dryer. Passing high-speed hot air through a bed of material to be dried causes it to become fluidized and so dries more quickly.
The induced draught and fresh air are created by a blower on the dryer's exhaust side that uses no negative pressure concept. From the bottom of the product container, a stream of heated, filtered air is emitted. The air distribution plate and the Dutch sieve are included with this container. The turbulence in the product container is created by passing the air stream through the bed of the substance. As a result of fluidization, heated air surrounds each particle, causing rapid and even heating and drying. Particles can't escape the machine because of the top-mounted filter bags.
There is a good chance the ordinary person has never heard of them. Fluid bed dryers, on the other hand, have made a name for themselves as versatile and trustworthy processing equipment in the bulk processing industry.
The Carbide Insert for Cast Iron Pharmaceutics Industry's reliance on Dryers
Despite the fact that fluidized bed drying may be utilized in a wide range of sectors, pharmaceuticals have perhaps benefited the most from its usage. It is possible to consistently reduce the moisture content of pharmaceutical granules and powders by utilizing a fluid-bed drier. With the introduction of fluid bed drying technology, drying periods have been reduced significantly and equal drying conditions have resulted in a consistent finished product.
Fluid bed dryers are ideal for drying a wide range of items, but pharmaceutical products in particular. The system controls incoming air temperature to ensure that moisture evaporates off the granule's surface at the right pace. A high input air temperature might lead to a surface crust that inhibits deeper tungsten carbide inserts moisture from being transferred to the surface, slowing rather than speeding the drying process.
Principle of a Rapid Dryer:
A perforated bottom of a vessel holding a bed of particle solids or wet granules allows high-pressure hot air (gas) or ambient air to flow upward upwards better known as a fluid bed drier. The granules/particles stay suspended in a stream of hot air because the velocity of hot air is greater than the settling rate of the granules/particles. A fluidized state describes this state of affairs. Every granule/particle is thoroughly dried by the heated air that surrounds it.
Structure:
Vertical and horizontal stainless steel or plastic FBD fluid bed dryer machines are available. Batch drying is done in a vertical unit, whereas continuous drying is done in a flat unit. The material is loaded and unloaded into a removable vessel at the dryer's bottom. The perforated mesh allows hot, high-pressure air to travel through the vessel. The dry material is collected by placing bag filters on top of the tank.
Process:
At the bottom of the dryer, a removable container holds the material to be dried. The hot air is brought up through the prefilter and into the chamber through the heaters. The simultaneous operation of a fan is also permitted. An increase in air velocity causes particles to move in a turbulent manner known as fluidization.
All the while, the air stream is filled with very tiny granules and particles. When the frictional drag on the granules/particles is equivalent to the force of gravity, a condition of pressure is attained. Due to the high velocity of air, the particles are able to climb to the top of the air stream; this is known as fluidization.
Rapid dryer benefits include:
The Cemented Carbide Blog: CNC Carbide Inserts
Personalization Vs. Privacy Unleashing The Privacy Paradox
In today's time the technology is growing rapidly, there is some or other kind of innovation taking place everyday, the technologies have been such a blessing to the mankind, as they are making the everyday task easy for the individuals, just like this the use of digitalized things have increased speedily, everything which we see around us is using some or other kind of digital technology.bar peeling inserts It is said that when the country is digitalized it is moving towards growth and modernization, but digitalization can not replace the use of print media, what may happen the print industry can never go out of trend, as it is having a lot of significance in everyone's life. Heard of a quote 'Old is Gold', this describes the importance of the print industry well. The large companies tend to invest in print media to expand their business and to reach large masses.
We see different types of advertisements every day, as we are surrounded by many companies that are trying to sell their products to the audiences. Advertisements are done to persuade people to use a particular product or service, the printed advertisements which are present around us use different technologies and types of printing, the Flexo Printing Machine Manufacturers in Mumbai is used TNMG Insert to print the large flexes for promotional purposes, to print on to the packaging of the products and last but not the least for the publication. The Flexo Printing is highly used by the companies as it is durable and can also be done within the economical price range.
The other technique which is used for publication and packaging is gravure printing, for this particular printing, the Rotogravure Printing Machine Manufacturer in Mumbai is providing the machines at affordable prices. This printing technique is used in the magazine and directories. Ever wondered how the cigarette cartons have such a finishing print on to them? It is the rotogravure printing technique that is being used by the tobacco manufacturing companies, which gives such a fine quality print on to the products.
The mechanism used in gravure printing is that there is a cylinder in the machine in which the image is engraved, the surface is made up of copper, metal or zinc, the finish of the surface is very smooth so that it will give the finest quality of printing on all the products, the ink used in this technique is a quick-dry, so the product is ready for transporting just after the packaging is done, there is no need to wait for the ink to try. The extra ink on the roller is removed with the help of a doctor blade so that it will not affect the quality of the print.
Hence, you can say that the print industry will always remain alive no matter how much digitalized we get and how the technology keeps on upgrading day by day.
About All India Machinery
The firm All India Machinery is a certified firm that is known for the manufacturing of the printing machinery, and also for providing some of the customized printed material. The professionals understand the need and demands of the printing Industry. The company is aiding all the large business firms with all the machines with high quality.
The Cemented Carbide Blog: lathe inserts
In today's time the technology is growing rapidly, there is some or other kind of innovation taking place everyday, the technologies have been such a blessing to the mankind, as they are making the everyday task easy for the individuals, just like this the use of digitalized things have increased speedily, everything which we see around us is using some or other kind of digital technology.bar peeling inserts It is said that when the country is digitalized it is moving towards growth and modernization, but digitalization can not replace the use of print media, what may happen the print industry can never go out of trend, as it is having a lot of significance in everyone's life. Heard of a quote 'Old is Gold', this describes the importance of the print industry well. The large companies tend to invest in print media to expand their business and to reach large masses.
We see different types of advertisements every day, as we are surrounded by many companies that are trying to sell their products to the audiences. Advertisements are done to persuade people to use a particular product or service, the printed advertisements which are present around us use different technologies and types of printing, the Flexo Printing Machine Manufacturers in Mumbai is used TNMG Insert to print the large flexes for promotional purposes, to print on to the packaging of the products and last but not the least for the publication. The Flexo Printing is highly used by the companies as it is durable and can also be done within the economical price range.
The other technique which is used for publication and packaging is gravure printing, for this particular printing, the Rotogravure Printing Machine Manufacturer in Mumbai is providing the machines at affordable prices. This printing technique is used in the magazine and directories. Ever wondered how the cigarette cartons have such a finishing print on to them? It is the rotogravure printing technique that is being used by the tobacco manufacturing companies, which gives such a fine quality print on to the products.
The mechanism used in gravure printing is that there is a cylinder in the machine in which the image is engraved, the surface is made up of copper, metal or zinc, the finish of the surface is very smooth so that it will give the finest quality of printing on all the products, the ink used in this technique is a quick-dry, so the product is ready for transporting just after the packaging is done, there is no need to wait for the ink to try. The extra ink on the roller is removed with the help of a doctor blade so that it will not affect the quality of the print.
Hence, you can say that the print industry will always remain alive no matter how much digitalized we get and how the technology keeps on upgrading day by day.
About All India Machinery
The firm All India Machinery is a certified firm that is known for the manufacturing of the printing machinery, and also for providing some of the customized printed material. The professionals understand the need and demands of the printing Industry. The company is aiding all the large business firms with all the machines with high quality.
The Cemented Carbide Blog: lathe inserts
Unleash Precision and Efficiency with Carbide Drilling Inserts
Roughing and finishing carbide end mills are designed for different stages of the machining process and have specific characteristics to optimize their performance in those stages. Here are the key differences between the two and when each should be used:Design and Geometry:Roughing End Mills: These end mills typically have a more robust and durable design with fewer flutes (typically 2 to 4). They often feature larger chip spaces, which allow for efficient chip evacuation.Finishing End Mills: Finishing end mills have a finer and often more complex geometry with more flutes (typically 4 to 6). This design provides a smoother surface finish and better precision.Material Removal Rate:Roughing End Mills: These tools are designed for aggressive material removal at higher feed rates. They can handle higher depths of cut and are used to remove material quickly Carbide Milling Inserts in the initial stages of machining.Finishing End Mills: Finishing end mills are intended for precise, light cuts with a focus on achieving a smooth surface finish. They are used to refine the workpiece and attain tight tolerances.Surface Finish:Roughing End Mills: Surface finish is not a primary concern when using roughing end mills. The focus is on removing material efficiently, so the surface may have visible tool marks.Finishing End Mills: These end mills are selected when achieving an excellent surface finish is critical, such as in precision machining or when appearance matters.Cutting Speed and Feed Rate:Roughing End Mills: Higher cutting speeds and feed rates are common with roughing end mills to remove material quickly.Finishing End Mills: Lower cutting speeds and feed rates are used to achieve better precision and CNC Carbide Inserts surface finish.Tool Life:Roughing End Mills: Due to the aggressive cutting and higher heat generation, roughing end mills may have a shorter tool life compared to finishing end mills.Finishing End Mills: Finishing end mills are designed for longer tool life, as they typically encounter less stress and wear during operation.Applications:Roughing End Mills: These are used at the beginning of the machining process to quickly remove excess material, leaving a workpiece that is closer to the desired shape.Finishing End Mills: They are used in the final stages of machining to achieve precise dimensions, tight tolerances, and a smooth surface finish.In summary, roughing carbide end mills are employed for material removal and efficiency in the early stages of machining, while finishing carbide end mills are chosen for precision, surface finish, and achieving the final dimensions of the workpiece. The choice between them depends on the specific requirements of the machining operation.Related search keywords:carbide end mills, carbide end mills speeds and feeds, carbide end mills for aluminum, carbide end mills manufacturers, carbide end mills roughing, carbide ball end mills, carbide ball nose end mills, carbide concave radius end mills, solid carbide end mills, 2 flute carbide end mills, 4 flute carbide end mills
The Cemented Carbide Blog: Tungsten Carbide Inserts Roughing and finishing carbide end mills are designed for different stages of the machining process and have specific characteristics to optimize their performance in those stages. Here are the key differences between the two and when each should be used:Design and Geometry:Roughing End Mills: These end mills typically have a more robust and durable design with fewer flutes (typically 2 to 4). They often feature larger chip spaces, which allow for efficient chip evacuation.Finishing End Mills: Finishing end mills have a finer and often more complex geometry with more flutes (typically 4 to 6). This design provides a smoother surface finish and better precision.Material Removal Rate:Roughing End Mills: These tools are designed for aggressive material removal at higher feed rates. They can handle higher depths of cut and are used to remove material quickly Carbide Milling Inserts in the initial stages of machining.Finishing End Mills: Finishing end mills are intended for precise, light cuts with a focus on achieving a smooth surface finish. They are used to refine the workpiece and attain tight tolerances.Surface Finish:Roughing End Mills: Surface finish is not a primary concern when using roughing end mills. The focus is on removing material efficiently, so the surface may have visible tool marks.Finishing End Mills: These end mills are selected when achieving an excellent surface finish is critical, such as in precision machining or when appearance matters.Cutting Speed and Feed Rate:Roughing End Mills: Higher cutting speeds and feed rates are common with roughing end mills to remove material quickly.Finishing End Mills: Lower cutting speeds and feed rates are used to achieve better precision and CNC Carbide Inserts surface finish.Tool Life:Roughing End Mills: Due to the aggressive cutting and higher heat generation, roughing end mills may have a shorter tool life compared to finishing end mills.Finishing End Mills: Finishing end mills are designed for longer tool life, as they typically encounter less stress and wear during operation.Applications:Roughing End Mills: These are used at the beginning of the machining process to quickly remove excess material, leaving a workpiece that is closer to the desired shape.Finishing End Mills: They are used in the final stages of machining to achieve precise dimensions, tight tolerances, and a smooth surface finish.In summary, roughing carbide end mills are employed for material removal and efficiency in the early stages of machining, while finishing carbide end mills are chosen for precision, surface finish, and achieving the final dimensions of the workpiece. The choice between them depends on the specific requirements of the machining operation.Related search keywords:carbide end mills, carbide end mills speeds and feeds, carbide end mills for aluminum, carbide end mills manufacturers, carbide end mills roughing, carbide ball end mills, carbide ball nose end mills, carbide concave radius end mills, solid carbide end mills, 2 flute carbide end mills, 4 flute carbide end mills
The Cemented Carbide Blog: Tungsten Carbide Inserts
How to Manage Cutting Tool Inventory in a Small Job Shop
Some CAM systems offer toolpath strategies that ensure a consistent load on a tool by controlling its engagement angle with the workpiece. Using this approach, the tool isn’t driven into internal corners where its engagement angle (thus, the force exerted upon it) greatly increases.
Delcam has recently developed a roughing strategy designed for solid carbide tools it calls Vortex that combines consistent tool engagement with a step-cutting strategy already available in the company’s PowerMill CAM software. With this approach, the tool does not step down immediately after each subsequent pass. Instead, extra cutting moves are added, working from the bottom of each step upwards. As a result, the initial cutter can take a much deeper axial depth of cut and remove a greater amount of material, minimizing the amount of subsequent rest roughing that’s required. Depending on the geometry of the part, the overall machining time can be reduced by as much as 60 percent, the company says. Vortex will be included within the soon-to-be-released PowerMill 2013 as well as many of the company’s other CAD/CAM offerings.
On its own, this certainly seems to be a viable, high speed roughing strategy. However, as with other CAM-generated tool paths, it’s generic. That is to say, it can be used to drive pretty much any suitable CNC machine once the appropriate postprocessor is written. There is a point, though, at which the operational limits of a machine and its control come into play. For instance, a machine simply might not have the ability to maintain the programmed feed rate that would otherwise result in optimal performance. In addition, controls differ in terms of their processing speed, high speed machining parameters and method for handling arc/line transitions among other characteristics. This spurred Delcam to look more closely at how the differences between individual machines, even machines that are very similar, affect the overall speed and effectiveness of a CAM-generated tool path.
The result of these efforts is MachineDNA, a technology the company developed more or less concurrently with Vortex. (Patents are pending for both offerings.) Directly integrated into a CAM system such as PowerMill, MachineDNA enables the CAM system to gather data from a specific Carbide Inserts machine to establish a performance baseline, and use that information to create an individualized tool path shaped by the machine’s condition and capabilities. By learning and applying a machine’s own traits, different, yet effective tool paths can result even though the same overall strategy (i.e. constant engagement angle) is applied.
Individualized CAM
Simply put, MachineDNA aims to determine what type of tool path a machine “enjoys” so the CAM system can generate such a path. Through a series of simple axis motion tests in which no actual cutting is performed, a machine defines its own capabilities. These tests need not be performed every time a new tool path is created—only when configuring a new machine or after a machine has been serviced or upgraded.
To gun drilling inserts run a test, users enter basic information such as model of machine, type of control and maximum feed rate into a simple interface within the CAM system. MachineDNA automatically generates the G code that drives the machine through the exercises. During testing, data is continuously fed back and stored within a machine-specific file that the CAM software will access each time it creates a new tool path for that particular machine.
Testing reveals a handful of key performance characteristics. These include the optimal trochoid size for a given feed rate, the machine’s preferred point distribution along curves and the most effective manner for moving through arc/line transitions. These attributes would be difficult if not impossible for even an experienced programmer to accurately identify for a specific machine.
In one exercise, the machine is directed to make a series of circular movements to determine the minimal trochoid radius at which the machine can maintain the programmed feed rate. For a trochoid radius that’s smaller than optimal, the machine typically won’t be able to maintain the programmed feed rate. Conversely, the machine might be able to maintain the programmed feed rate using a larger trochoid radius, but a bigger radius equates to a longer tool path and longer cycle time.
Testing also determines the optimal point distribution to match a machine’s control capabilities. Envision a simple oval with two lines and two arcs. The CAM system might output this arrangement as two lines and two arcs; leave the lines as they are, but linearize the two arcs for a smooth, even point distribution; or redistribute points at appropriate intervals around the entire oval shape. Based on testing performed on a range of controls, MachineDNA takes into consideration the characteristics of the control as it determines the most appropriate point distribution along the tool path. It also accounts for the control’s processing speed so as not to feed a slower control too many points, which could potentially cause stuttering due to data starvation.
Finally, when a tool goes from a straight line into an arc, some controls will dwell the tool slightly at the point of the transition. These dwells must be eliminated to maintain the programmed feed rate throughout the entire tool path. In understanding the idiosyncrasies of various controls, MachineDNA provides the data that enables the CAM system to generate an optimized tool path that accounts for such control peculiarities.
Future Applications
Initially, MachineDNA will be available for use only with the Vortex roughing strategy. This will be available to customers with the release of PowerMill 2013 first, then in Delcam’s other CAM systems. However, the company plans to apply its machine diagnostics technology in other ways. It may be used to generate more effective five-axis tool paths, because the interaction between linear and rotary axes is complicated, and the machine’s performance can be affected by a greater number of variables. In addition, MachineDNA data may prove helpful in increasing the accuracy of machining time estimation.
The company says the baseline testing that MachineDNA performs is not designed to be a tool for machine benchmarking or direct comparison. In fact, the data gathered from machine tests doesn’t lend itself to any such assessment. Insetad, it simply enables a machine to achieve a higher level of its potential performance by using tool paths engineered to work in concert with a machine’s capabilities.
Sidebar: Minimizing Trochoids
Trochoidal movements are sometimes introduced to maintain a consistent engagement angle throughout the entire tool path. Vortex, however, aims to minimize the amount of rolling, trochoidal moves because the tool doesn’t cut anything for approximately half of each circle of motion. Instead, it broadly follows the shape of the part and only periodically introduces trochoidal motion to clean up the shape and maintain the optimal engagement angle. This can be seen in the tool path shown in the bottom image, in which the patterns of corner approaches are not regular. Trochoidal motion is applied only when absolutely necessary to maintain a controlled engagement angle. This differs from a conventional approach in which the tool starts in the center and spirals out until it reaches the edges of the triangle before using large trochoidal movements to work into the corners.
Delcam has developed a guide of parameters for various tools and workpiece materials because conventional roughing parameters aren’t appropriate for use with Vortex. This will enable users who aren’t familiar with controlled-engagement-angle tool paths to get their cutting parameters in the ballpark as they dial-in their process.
Learn more about Autodesk.
The Cemented Carbide Blog: shoulder milling Inserts
Some CAM systems offer toolpath strategies that ensure a consistent load on a tool by controlling its engagement angle with the workpiece. Using this approach, the tool isn’t driven into internal corners where its engagement angle (thus, the force exerted upon it) greatly increases.
Delcam has recently developed a roughing strategy designed for solid carbide tools it calls Vortex that combines consistent tool engagement with a step-cutting strategy already available in the company’s PowerMill CAM software. With this approach, the tool does not step down immediately after each subsequent pass. Instead, extra cutting moves are added, working from the bottom of each step upwards. As a result, the initial cutter can take a much deeper axial depth of cut and remove a greater amount of material, minimizing the amount of subsequent rest roughing that’s required. Depending on the geometry of the part, the overall machining time can be reduced by as much as 60 percent, the company says. Vortex will be included within the soon-to-be-released PowerMill 2013 as well as many of the company’s other CAD/CAM offerings.
On its own, this certainly seems to be a viable, high speed roughing strategy. However, as with other CAM-generated tool paths, it’s generic. That is to say, it can be used to drive pretty much any suitable CNC machine once the appropriate postprocessor is written. There is a point, though, at which the operational limits of a machine and its control come into play. For instance, a machine simply might not have the ability to maintain the programmed feed rate that would otherwise result in optimal performance. In addition, controls differ in terms of their processing speed, high speed machining parameters and method for handling arc/line transitions among other characteristics. This spurred Delcam to look more closely at how the differences between individual machines, even machines that are very similar, affect the overall speed and effectiveness of a CAM-generated tool path.
The result of these efforts is MachineDNA, a technology the company developed more or less concurrently with Vortex. (Patents are pending for both offerings.) Directly integrated into a CAM system such as PowerMill, MachineDNA enables the CAM system to gather data from a specific Carbide Inserts machine to establish a performance baseline, and use that information to create an individualized tool path shaped by the machine’s condition and capabilities. By learning and applying a machine’s own traits, different, yet effective tool paths can result even though the same overall strategy (i.e. constant engagement angle) is applied.
Individualized CAM
Simply put, MachineDNA aims to determine what type of tool path a machine “enjoys” so the CAM system can generate such a path. Through a series of simple axis motion tests in which no actual cutting is performed, a machine defines its own capabilities. These tests need not be performed every time a new tool path is created—only when configuring a new machine or after a machine has been serviced or upgraded.
To gun drilling inserts run a test, users enter basic information such as model of machine, type of control and maximum feed rate into a simple interface within the CAM system. MachineDNA automatically generates the G code that drives the machine through the exercises. During testing, data is continuously fed back and stored within a machine-specific file that the CAM software will access each time it creates a new tool path for that particular machine.
Testing reveals a handful of key performance characteristics. These include the optimal trochoid size for a given feed rate, the machine’s preferred point distribution along curves and the most effective manner for moving through arc/line transitions. These attributes would be difficult if not impossible for even an experienced programmer to accurately identify for a specific machine.
In one exercise, the machine is directed to make a series of circular movements to determine the minimal trochoid radius at which the machine can maintain the programmed feed rate. For a trochoid radius that’s smaller than optimal, the machine typically won’t be able to maintain the programmed feed rate. Conversely, the machine might be able to maintain the programmed feed rate using a larger trochoid radius, but a bigger radius equates to a longer tool path and longer cycle time.
Testing also determines the optimal point distribution to match a machine’s control capabilities. Envision a simple oval with two lines and two arcs. The CAM system might output this arrangement as two lines and two arcs; leave the lines as they are, but linearize the two arcs for a smooth, even point distribution; or redistribute points at appropriate intervals around the entire oval shape. Based on testing performed on a range of controls, MachineDNA takes into consideration the characteristics of the control as it determines the most appropriate point distribution along the tool path. It also accounts for the control’s processing speed so as not to feed a slower control too many points, which could potentially cause stuttering due to data starvation.
Finally, when a tool goes from a straight line into an arc, some controls will dwell the tool slightly at the point of the transition. These dwells must be eliminated to maintain the programmed feed rate throughout the entire tool path. In understanding the idiosyncrasies of various controls, MachineDNA provides the data that enables the CAM system to generate an optimized tool path that accounts for such control peculiarities.
Future Applications
Initially, MachineDNA will be available for use only with the Vortex roughing strategy. This will be available to customers with the release of PowerMill 2013 first, then in Delcam’s other CAM systems. However, the company plans to apply its machine diagnostics technology in other ways. It may be used to generate more effective five-axis tool paths, because the interaction between linear and rotary axes is complicated, and the machine’s performance can be affected by a greater number of variables. In addition, MachineDNA data may prove helpful in increasing the accuracy of machining time estimation.
The company says the baseline testing that MachineDNA performs is not designed to be a tool for machine benchmarking or direct comparison. In fact, the data gathered from machine tests doesn’t lend itself to any such assessment. Insetad, it simply enables a machine to achieve a higher level of its potential performance by using tool paths engineered to work in concert with a machine’s capabilities.
Sidebar: Minimizing Trochoids
Trochoidal movements are sometimes introduced to maintain a consistent engagement angle throughout the entire tool path. Vortex, however, aims to minimize the amount of rolling, trochoidal moves because the tool doesn’t cut anything for approximately half of each circle of motion. Instead, it broadly follows the shape of the part and only periodically introduces trochoidal motion to clean up the shape and maintain the optimal engagement angle. This can be seen in the tool path shown in the bottom image, in which the patterns of corner approaches are not regular. Trochoidal motion is applied only when absolutely necessary to maintain a controlled engagement angle. This differs from a conventional approach in which the tool starts in the center and spirals out until it reaches the edges of the triangle before using large trochoidal movements to work into the corners.
Delcam has developed a guide of parameters for various tools and workpiece materials because conventional roughing parameters aren’t appropriate for use with Vortex. This will enable users who aren’t familiar with controlled-engagement-angle tool paths to get their cutting parameters in the ballpark as they dial-in their process.
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